Temperature Dependent Dielectric Properties Using Reflectrometric Technique of (Drumstick) Moringa oleifera Lam.

Abstract

The use of dielectric properties of agricultural products for sensing moisture in seeds and their powder form and their applications in microwave dielectric heating are discussed briefly. Values of dielectric properties of products in powder form are presented in tables and graphically to show the dependence of these properties on frequency, moisture content, and temperrature. Use of dielectric properties of Moringa oleifera Lam. For moisture measurement has been most prominent agricultural applications for such data. The results show that, there was a systematic increase in dielectric constant (?\') and loss factor (?\") with increasing values of relative packing fraction (?r) and decrease in dielectric constant and loss factor with increasing temperature. The moisture percentage measured by Thermo -gravimetric method. Experimental results of different relative packing fractions were further used to obtain transformation to 100% solid bulk using correlation equations of Landau-Lifshitz- Looyenga and Bottcher. The result shows that, there is a fair agreement between experimental values and theoretical values of different dielectric parameters.

Introduction

Conclusion

It was thus, found that experimentally measured values of (?\') and (?\") at (?r = 1) are similar to those calculated from Landau-Lifshitz-Looyenga formulae. There was agreement between the values obtained experimentally and calculated theoretically by using Bottcher’s formulae. The correlation formulae of Landau-Lifshitz-Looyenga and Bottcher can be used to provide accurate estimate of (?\') and (?\") of compound materials at known bulk densities. It may be thus, predicted that the used sample is having cohesion in its particles and serve as a continuous medium.

References

[1] Paikra BK, Dhongade HKJ, Gidwani B. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam. J Pharmacopunc. 2017 Sep 24;20(3):194-200. [2] US Department of Agriculture [Internet]. Drumstick pods, raw; 2019. [3] Bansal, A. K., Singh, P.J. and Sharma, K. S. (2001) Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 39: 799. [4] Bhatnagar, D., Gandhi, J. M. and Yadav, J. S. (1996) Indian Journal of Physics 70A (4); 539. [5] Bottcher, C. J. F. (1952) “Theory of dielectric polarization.” Elsevier publication, Amsterdam [6] Chelkowski, A. (1980) “Dielectric Physics”. Elsevier publication, Amsterdam. [7] Gandhi, J. M. Jangid, R. A., Neeru, Bhatnagar, D. and Jangid, R. A (1996) Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 34; 316. [8] Kraszewski, A. and Nelson, S. O. (1993) Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy 28(3); 165. [9] Kraszewski, A. and Nelson, S. O. (1994) Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 58; 37. [10] Landau, L.D. and Lifshitz, E. M. (1960) “Electrodynamics of continuous media”. Pergamon press, London. pp-46. [11] Nelson, S.O. (1992) IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement. 41(1): 116 [12] Peter, H. (1997) “Dielectric spectroscopy of polymers”. Adam Hilger Ltd, Bristol [13] Sisodia, M. L. and Raghuvanshi, G. S. (1990). “Basic microwave techniques and Laboratory Manual” Willey Eastern Ltd, New Delhi [14] Gandhi, J. M. and Yadav, J. S. (1992) Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 30; 427. [15] Kalamse, V. G. and Kalamse, G. M. (2007) Lab Experiments. (30-38), pp-35. [16] Kawle RS, Tumberphale UB, Karhale GA, and Kalamse GM. Dielectric Behaviour of Thiophenol in Benzene at 15.2 GHz Microwave Frequency. Bionanofrontier -ICLAM 2010, ISSN 0974-0678. [17] Dielectric Measurement of Pulvarized Tapioca at Microwave Frequency. Karhale GA and Kalamse GM. Bionanofrontier, Eco-revolution-2011. [18] Dielectric Study of Baheda at 9.85 GHz Frequency. Karhale GA and Kalamse GM. International Journal of Physics and Mathematical Sciences. ISSN-2277-2111, 2012 vol.2(2),2012. [19] Dielectric studies of Binary Mixtures of Alkoxy Ethanols and Aniline at 9.85 GHz Microwave Frequency. Tumberphale UB, Kawale RS, Pawar NP, Karhale GA and Kalamse GM. International Journal of Physics and Mathematical Sciences ISSN 2277-2111, Vol 2(2),2012. [20] Dielectric Study of Abelmochus Esculentus at 9.85 GHz Frequency. Karhale GA and Kalamse GM. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, Vol.4(11),2013. [21] Dielectric Measurement of Azardichita Indica at 9.85 GHz Frequency. Karhale GA, Internationnal Journal of Physics and Mathematical Sciences. ISSN 2277-2111, vol.9(4),2019. [22] Dielectric Study of Benzophenone at various Temperature Using Reflectometric Technique at 9.85 GHz Frequency. Karhale GA, International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, vol. 11(2), 2020.

Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Dr. Govind A. Karhale. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.